Global Critical Issues: Problems in the World

Aging Population

The world is getting older. Most of the developed world is seeing an increase in the median age and a decrease in the birth rate.

As our population ages, how does society change? How will we become more inclusive? How will work, housing, labor, transportation and development change?

Young people today need to be prepared to tackle this in the coming decades.

Changing Climate

The industrial age and the ensuing technological age lifted billions out of poverty. But, the attendant increases in greenhouse gases have led to changes in the global climate: extreme weather, unreliable agricultural yields, increased flooding, droughts and rising sea levels. Will there be a spirit of global cooperation for a solution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions? What efforts do we need to make for more efficient use of the Earth’s resources?

How will humans adapt or react in the face of a global crisis?

Gender Equality

Women make up about half of the world’s population. But around the globe, the availability of education and a better tomorrow is limited by a lack of women’s rights. If the world is going to reach its true potential, it can only happen if we empower everyone.

Closing the global gender gap through international cooperation to improve access to learning is a job for all of us and key to future economic growth. How must our beliefs shift to ensure the adoption of an equitable economy?

Health

Half of the world’s population is not receiving the essential health services they need. They cannot afford healthcare. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has drawn more attention to these deficiencies and inequality in access to healthcare around the world.

How do we address issues such as the rise of noncommunicable diseases, increasing life expectancy, and threats like climate change and antimicrobial resistance? How can we ensure equitable opportunities for quality healthcare and health outcomes? We must be actively involved in promoting and protecting global health.

Poverty

Global poverty rates have been cut by more than half in the last 20 years. But one in ten people living in low-income countries still live below the international poverty line. Poverty means more than a lack of money and a sustainable livelihood. Poverty leads to risks of hunger and malnutrition, limited access to education and basic services, and social exclusion. Ending extreme poverty has been a goal for years, but inflation and the global issue of war have pushed global food prices back up.

How will we take collective action to support the basic needs of all human beings and guarantee opportunities for learning and skill development?

Rise of Asia, Africa and the Americas

Following the era of imperialism and colonialism, independent nations in Asia, Africa and Latin America have emerged over the last 200 years. The wave of decolonization has changed the face of the planet.

How will we continue to move forward as a global community as we set aside our beliefs and biases of the past about which nations hold power on the international stage?

Statelessness

Conflict or environmental disruption has led to the largest mass migration to other countries in recorded world history. A stateless person is someone without any nationality or citizenship anywhere. They are often excluded and don’t have the basic rights of citizens, including socioeconomic, civil and political rights. How will we work to identify and protect stateless persons, and prevent and reduce statelessness?

In developing countries and middle-income countries, increasing numbers of our world population face a passportless, stateless existence. How will future generations thrive if they aren’t able to access basic services and join the governmental decision-making process?

Water

Fresh water is essential for human life and, along with sanitation, for human health. It is at the heart of sustainable development. Water is vital for energy and food production, healthy ecosystems and socio-economic development. Yet, the reality is that over a quarter of the global population does not have access to safely managed drinking water services, and over half lacks safely managed sanitation services.

The World Food Programme is reliant on voluntary government support. How do we ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all?

Misinformation

Following the start of the coronavirus pandemic, the World Health Organization coined the word: “infodemic — an overabundance of information and the rapid spread of misleading or fabricated news, images, and videos.” Infodemics have happened in the past, but currently we face the spread of misinformation on a global scale. People are connected through the internet or other technology and share information across national borders more quickly. The spread of misinformation is a global problem that can have negative, even fatal, consequences. We must learn how we can identify and stop the spread of disinformation. How will cultural norms change to manage the threat and power of fake information?

Polarization

Political divisions are intensifying globally. Even in strikingly different democracies, studies have seen that the drivers of polarization have the same roots. Often seen as a divide in ethnicity, ideology, or religion, polarization in the United States uniquely has all three distinctive features.

Polarization weakens democratic processes and increases violence. With deep polarization, what can societies do to start healing their divisions? How do we learn from these divisive fractures, overcome them and unify?

Ocean

Human activities have had devastating effects on the health of the world’s oceans. Unprecedented amounts of plastics have entered our oceans. Overfishing is a serious problem that threatens food security and destroys ecosystems worldwide. Global warming is causing alterations in the ocean’s chemistry – from coral bleaching to a rise in the sea level rise and higher temperatures, entire marine ecosystems are at risk.

How do we conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources?

Access to Education

The world is currently in a learning crisis. Many children face barriers that prevent them from attending school. Across all groups, girls are the most marginalized and have the hardest time accessing education. Even with access, attending school is not the same as learning. Schools lack trained teachers, adequate learning materials or internet access, and proper sanitation facilities, which makes learning difficult. COVID-19 only exacerbated the fragile education system. School closures kept 80% of students out of school and 30% of youth lack the technology to participate in digital learning. How do we realize the promise of education for all students, in every village, city and country?