The Sacred Valley in Peru: FAQs and Travel Tips

We collected and answered FAQs about the Sacred Valley in Peru and used our expertise to offer travel trips to anyone interested in Sacred Valley tours or just those wanting to learn more about this world famous destination.

The Sacred Valley of Peru was a vital part of the Inca Empire and this region is often explored by travelers en route to Machu Picchu. However, it offers much more than just a stopover. From its well-preserved archaeological sites and impressive Inca ruins to its breathtaking natural beauty, the Sacred Valley is a must-see for adventurers, history buffs, and nature enthusiasts alike.

1. What makes Peru’s Sacred Valley a must-visit destination?

Peru’s Sacred Valley is a must-visit destination thanks to its impressive archaeological remains and beautiful landscapes. The region, located in the heart of South America, is deeply rooted in the Inca civilization and with its proximity to sites like Machu Picchu and Rainbow Mountain, the Sacred Valley offers an unparalleled experience for travelers.

2. Where is the Sacred Valley in Peru located?

The Sacred Valley lies around 27 miles north of Cusco in southern Peru, surrounded by the Andes Mountains. The Urubamba River (also called the Vilcanota River) carved the valley, which stretches from Ollantaytambo to Pisac.

• Pisac: Pisac is famous for its market, traditional Quechua culture, and the Sacred Valley Pisac archaeological site, where visitors can see ancient terraces, ceremonial baths, and views of the valley.
• Ollantaytambo: Ollantaytambo is a charming village with cobblestone streets and it features one of the most significant Inca fortresses, known for its enormous terraces and the mysterious Temple Hill.

Travelers often begin their journey in Cusco city, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Tours frequently include pick up options from Cusco’s main square or local accommodations, making it easy to access the valley.

Journey to the top of Machu Picchu for epic views. Copyright: © Rustic Pathways

3. How far is Machu Picchu from the Sacred Valley?

The Inca ruins of Machu Picchu are approximately 33 miles (53 kilometers) from the Sacred Valley. Many visitors take a scenic train ride from Ollantaytambo or Cusco city, which takes about two to three hours.

Ensure you purchase entrance tickets well in advance for both Machu Picchu and other sites, as they are in high demand. You can also explore hiking options like the Inca Trail or alternative treks like the Salkantay Trek for a more immersive experience. You could also join one of our trips to Peru!

4. What’s the altitude of the Sacred Valley in Peru?

The Sacred Valley is at a lower elevation than Cusco city, averaging 8,000–9,000 feet above sea level.

This altitude can pose challenges for some. For a trip to the Sacred Valley, prepare with proper equipment:

• Sun protection: Hats, sunscreen, and sunglasses to combat strong UV rays at high altitudes.
• Waterproof jacket: Essential during the rainy season (October–April).
• Water: Drink plenty of water to stay acclimated.

Rustic Pathways students taking in the view of the Sacred Valley of Peru.

5. Why is it called the Sacred Valley?

The name Sacred Valley originates from its significance to the Inca Empire and its spiritual alignment with the Urubamba River (Willkamayu in Quechua, meaning “Sacred River”).

The valley’s fertile land supported agricultural production, and its alignment with the Milky Way held spiritual significance for the Incas. The valley was a central part of the Inca heartland, revered as a gift from Mother Earth (Pachamama).

6. Who lived in the Sacred Valley?

The Inca Empire dominated the Sacred Valley during its peak, leaving behind remarkable Inca ruins, including agricultural terraces, ceremonial sites, and fortresses.

Before the Incas, other civilizations thrived here, including the Chanapata, Killke, and Qotacalla. These cultures contributed to the Inca civilization’s architectural and agricultural achievements.

Today, Quechua-speaking communities preserve many of these ancient traditions, weaving the valley’s history into daily life.

7. Why do local indigenous people use bright colors in their textiles?

The vibrant textiles of the Sacred Valley reflect traditions that date back to Inca times. The colors are derived from natural dyes made from plants, insects, and minerals.

Each color holds meaning:

• Red: Associated with blood and fertility.
• Purple: Linked to the founding mother of the Incas.
• Green: Symbolizes crops
• Black: Connected to time and authority

Visitors can see these textiles being created and sold at markets or during cultural tours, which provide the perfect opportunity for visitors to have interactions with local people.

8. What foods are popular in the Sacred Valley?

The Sacred Valley offers an array of traditional dishes rooted in Inca history:

• Cuy (guinea pig): A delicacy dating back 5,000 years.
• Corn (maize): Peru grows over 50 varieties, many native to the valley floor.
• Potatoes: With over 3,000 types, they’re a staple of the region.

9. Why are there so many alpacas in the Sacred Valley?

There are so many alpacas in the Sacred Valley due to its high-altitude environment. In fact, Peru is home to 70% of the world’s alpaca population. These animals provide:

• Wool, used in textiles and considered the “fiber of the gods.”
• Manure, which serves as a natural fertilizer for crops.
• Meat, a traditional protein source for local communities.

10. What can you see in the Sacred Valley?

The Sacred Valley is home to numerous important archaeological sites, including:

• Pisac ruins: Known for their terraces and ceremonial baths.
• Ollantaytambo ruins: Featuring a towering Inca fortress.
• Moray ruins: Believed to be an agricultural testing site.
• Maras salt mines: Still producing salt as they have since pre-Inca times.

Camp with us under the stars in the Sacred Valley.

10. What can you expect on a Sacred Valley tour?

A Sacred Valley tour is the perfect way to explore this historic region. These tours typically feature visits to the Pisac ruins, Ollantaytambo ruins, and the terraced agricultural masterpiece at Moray.

For more details on what you can experience in the Sacred Valley, check out our Sacred Valley Service program or our Spring to the Sacred Valley program.

Rustic Pathways Program Leader Nancy Trujillo, who has traveled to many nations, says the views aren’t limited to the daytime. The nights are also particularly memorable.

11. What adventure activities are there in the Sacred Valley?

The Sacred Valley is a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts, offering:

• Hiking trails, including the Inca Trail and Salkantay Trek.
• Ziplining: Experience the valley from above.
• Water sports: Kayaking, paddleboarding, and whitewater rafting.
• Rock climbing and bungee jumping for thrill-seekers.
• Horseback riding and ATV tours for more leisurely exploration.

Credit: Rustic PathwaysFor a unique experience, stay at the Skylodge Adventure Suites, transparent pods suspended on a cliffside.

If you want adventure activities, it may be helpful to prepare before you go. You’ll benefit from being physically ready to climb and explore at higher altitudes. That way you’ll be ready for the journey.

Credit: Rustic Pathways

12. How do you travel as a high school student to the Sacred Valley?

Student travel programs like Rustic Pathways offer a chance for teens and young adults to explore the Sacred Valley through service projects and guided tours. These programs include visits to archaeological sites, hands-on cultural experiences, and adventure activities like ziplining and rock climbing.